Citations of commercial organizations and trade names in this report do not constitute an official Department of the Army endorsement or approval of the products or services of these organizations. J. Physiol. Changes at the muscular level Question: Provide a physiologic rationale to explain why Exercise Phys. 49, 12521260. J. Neurophysiol. Lowering of red blood cells results in the reduction of blood viscosity causing the decrease in the peripheral resistance to blood flow. Physiol. (2002) examined the effects of combining whole-body heating using a water-perfused suit (46C) combined with 10-min 60 head-up tilt to elicit orthostatic stress. All authors designed and outlined the work, performed literature reviews and interpreted findings, and drafted and revised the manuscript. Rowell, L. B. greater ease of WebTotal peripheral resistance (TPR) decreases owing to vasodilation in the active muscles (Figure 13.1e). Sci. Regulation of Increased Blood Flow (Hyperemia) to Muscles J. UOEH 22, 147158. Post-exercise cooling may offset reductions in central venous pressure that would otherwise contribute to reductions in cerebral blood flow, reducing the risk of orthostatic intolerance. B., Shen, W. K., and Wieling, W. (2003). of the skeletal-muscle pump. (2016). doi: 10.1002/cphy.c130038, Chen, C.-Y., and Bonham, A. C. (2010). Tsk, skin temperature; Tc, core temperature; MAP, mean arterial pressure; CBFv, cerebral blood flow velocity. Periph. Combined with sweat-driven reductions in plasma volume, these cardiovascular alterations result in levels of cardiac output that do not meet requirements for brain blood flow, which can lead to orthostatic intolerance and occasionally syncope. For example, both elevated core and skin temperatures have been observed to reduce tolerance to lower body negative pressure (LBNP) (Pearson et al., 2017). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113730, Deuster, P., Smith, D., Smoak, B., Montgomery, L., Singh, A., and Doubt, T. (1989). In contrast, other literature indicates that CWI may further reduce a pre-frontal lobe NIRS-measured index of cerebral blood volume and oxygenation following heated high-intensity exercise (Minett et al., 2014). Rev. Physiol. Despite reductions in plasma volume, stroke volume tends to increase in response to cold (Raven et al., 1970; Wagner and Horvath, 1985) due to a redistribution of blood from the periphery to the thoracic circulation. This is particularly true immediately post-exercise when muscular contractions cease to serve as a skeletal muscle pump assisting in venous return (Rowell, 1974). 280, H2607H2615. 1 What causes a decrease in total peripheral resistance? J. Physiol. ?G? Heart Afterload
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