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The movement of electric charges causes magnetism. They are regions of reduced surface temperature, caused by concentrations of magnetic field flux that inhibit convection. A) Contracting objects cool down rather than heat up. What is the velocity in the duct? C) about one light year C) magnetic fields trap ionized gases that absorb light. D) It quickly meets an ordinary electron, forming an electron-positron pair that remains stable. On its way to Earth, solar winds first encounter, The dominant wavelength emitted by Earth is. Sunspots appear darker than the surrounding area because the magnetic field reduces the temperature at the location of the sunspot. composition, origin, evolution. Natural precipitation typically falls between pH 7.5 and 8.0. B) Nuclei are attracted to each other by the electromagnetic force, but this force is only strong enough to make nuclei stick when they are very close together. thermonuclear fusion of hydrogen in the Sun's surface layers, *d. Which of the following is true of the ionosphere? a. When sunspots occur, dark spots form on the surface of the sun. (B), Which of the following is not a reason for the seasons? C) hotter and denser than the surface. C) chemical reactions. Which of the following is the phase of matter in the Sun? of indeterminate age, since one cannot estimate the age of the, d. What do we mean when we say that the Sun is in gravitational equilibrium? A) the Sun vibrates only on the surface. The circle of illumination passes through both poles. is considered beneficial in trapping UV radiation. B) nuclear fusion The longest day of the year occurs on the December solstice. They are distributed approximately uniformly over the Sun's surface both in position and in time. If the distance between two objects is cut in half, what happens to the They are associated with intense magnetic activity, where the intense magnetic fields inhibit convection and suppress the formation of solar granules. The "star" appears to wiggle in its path across our sky against, *d. based on the principle that surfaces must be physically handled and directly measured for study. A) the specific set of nuclear reactions through which the Sun fuses hydrogen into helium. B) It is the primary energy generation mechanism in the Sun today. composition, temperature, and function. D) The higher temperature would not affect the fusion rate but would cause the core to expand and cool until the temperature returned to normal, with the core at a new, slightly larger size. A) The number of sunspots peaks approximately every 11 years. A) Experimental evidence indicates that the problem is solved and the expected number of solar neutrinos are indeed being produced by the Sun. its original magnitude. The Sun's rate of fusion is gradually increasing over time. For the last few years we've been at what we call solar minimum. 1) In the late 1800s, Kelvin and Helmholtz suggested that the Sun stayed hot thanks to gravitational contraction. the parallel that is the farthest northern location for the subsolar point during the year. a subjective determination of temperature. A) Higher temperature would cause the rate of nuclear fusion to rise, which would increase the internal pressure, causing the core to expand and turn the Sun into a giant star.